316 papers
Molecular biology explores the tiny machinery inside living cells, revealing how genetic instructions are read, copied, and turned into the proteins that keep us alive. This field acts as a bridge between the static code of DNA and the dynamic processes that drive growth, disease, and life itself, offering insights into everything from cellular repair to the development of new medicines.
On Gist.Science, we track every new preprint uploaded to bioRxiv in this category to make these complex discoveries accessible to everyone. Our team processes each submission to provide both clear, plain-language explanations and detailed technical summaries, ensuring you can grasp the core findings without getting lost in dense academic jargon.
Below are the latest molecular biology papers freshly processed from bioRxiv, ready for you to explore and understand.
This study reveals that one-carbon metabolism, specifically folate availability, acts as an instructive regulator of colorectal cancer cell identity by remodeling chromatin to shift cells from a stem-like to a differentiated state, thereby determining their sensitivity to fluoropyrimidine chemotherapy.
Using cryo-electron tomography and microscopy, this study reveals that serum IgM antibodies actively crosslink hepatitis B subviral particles into supramolecular immune complexes through multivalent Fab interactions, thereby expanding the understanding of the SVP decoy model beyond passive antibody sequestration to higher-order particle organization.
Dietary selenium deficiency induces early, sex-specific systolic dysfunction in mice by disrupting redox balance and circadian pathways, with male mice exhibiting a more pronounced stress response prior to the onset of overt cardiac failure.
By profiling the mitochondrial phosphoproteome following the perturbation of ten resident phosphatases, this study demonstrates that dynamic phosphorylation critically regulates diverse mitochondrial functions, including enzyme catalysis, protein import, and cristae architecture.
This paper presents an AI-driven nanosensing approach using perovskite quantum dots and LSTM deep learning to rapidly and selectively detect specific bacterial DNA markers associated with breast cancer, offering a promising point-of-care diagnostic tool for early risk profiling.
By applying DNA barcoding to commercialized swim bladders seized in Brazil, this study reveals that the trade involves four distinct fish and crocodilian species, demonstrating that molecular surveillance is essential for uncovering hidden biodiversity and accurately assessing the scope of international wildlife exploitation.
This study identifies Arc, an accessory protein in IS605-family transposons, as a transcriptional repressor that directly binds native promoters to downregulate TnpA and TnpB expression, thereby providing a regulatory mechanism that likely ensures the long-term persistence of these mobile genetic elements.
The authors introduce Albatross, an RNA language model trained solely on sequence data that significantly outperforms existing methods in predicting Internal Ribosome Entry Site structures, enabling the discovery of novel functional subclasses and accelerating antiviral target identification.
This study demonstrates that negative supercoiling facilitates human TOP3α-mediated decatenation of DNA braids by inducing local duplex melting at crossover junctions, thereby generating single-stranded DNA substrates accessible to the type IA topoisomerase and its regulatory partners.
This paper presents an integrated experimental and computational pipeline combining HCR, confocal microscopy, and custom analysis tools to enable sensitive, specific, and absolute single-cell transcript counting in intact *C. elegans* across developmental stages, facilitating the study of gene regulation and cellular heterogeneity.