183 papers
Molecular biology explores the tiny machinery inside living cells, revealing how genetic instructions are read, copied, and turned into the proteins that keep us alive. This field acts as a bridge between the static code of DNA and the dynamic processes that drive growth, disease, and life itself, offering insights into everything from cellular repair to the development of new medicines.
On Gist.Science, we track every new preprint uploaded to bioRxiv in this category to make these complex discoveries accessible to everyone. Our team processes each submission to provide both clear, plain-language explanations and detailed technical summaries, ensuring you can grasp the core findings without getting lost in dense academic jargon.
Below are the latest molecular biology papers freshly processed from bioRxiv, ready for you to explore and understand.
This study elucidates the critical role of PUF60 in mouse stem cell survival and splicing regulation, revealing that its expression is tightly controlled by cell density and a novel N-terminal phosphorylation mechanism that influences protein stability, localization, and potential cancer-related dysregulation.
This study identifies a distinct plasma microRNA signature, notably a 39-fold overexpression of hsa-miR-4454 and hsa-miR-7975, in patients with RYR1-related myopathies, suggesting these molecules as potential biomarkers for the disorder.
This study demonstrates that resource-efficient in vitro assays engineered to mimic the lipid-rich, caseous microenvironments of severe tuberculosis lesions generate drug-response metrics that more accurately predict treatment outcomes in marmosets than conventional methods, thereby establishing a scalable framework to prioritize regimens capable of sterilizing hard-to-treat lesions and shortening therapy.
This study demonstrates that the RAD54L translocase is essential for interstrand crosslink repair by promoting nascent DNA degradation and radial chromosome formation in FANC-deficient cells, thereby facilitating efficient double-strand break resolution.
This study demonstrates that pyridoxine supplementation confers therapeutic protection against R222Q-variant sphingosine phosphate lyase insufficiency syndrome by enhancing residual enzyme activity and normalizing sphingosine-1-phosphate levels, as validated through clinical observations and a novel mouse model where disease severity is modulated by dietary pyridoxine availability.
This study reveals that promoter competition within the Sox2 locus is governed by the strength and position of inserted promoters, where active transcription of sufficient length and level creates a transcript-dependent insulator that attenuates endogenous gene expression independently of CTCF and cohesin.
This study develops and validates a highly sensitive and specific environmental DNA assay for monitoring the critically endangered sunflower sea star (*Pycnopodia helianthoides*), demonstrating its ability to accurately track population biomass and support conservation efforts following a catastrophic disease-driven decline.
This study combines experimental and theoretical approaches to quantitatively map the regulatory architecture, including transcription factor binding sites and environmental dependencies, of over 100 uncharacterized *E. coli* genes across 39 diverse conditions, thereby illuminating the functions of the "y-ome" and other poorly understood genetic elements.
This study identifies a novel mechanism where the enzyme KDM4A catalyzes the C-terminal dipeptide truncation of histone H2AX, effectively acting as a master switch that represses the canonical DNA damage response by preventing {gamma}H2AX formation and disrupting the correlation between histone signaling and DNA damage.
This study presents an optimized workflow using a novel pepsin-based digestion protocol (XTO) to successfully adapt the Xenium automated in situ sequencing platform for PAXgene-fixed tissues, demonstrating that these samples can achieve spatial RNA transcript detection comparable to or superior to standard FFPE samples while preserving tissue morphology.